Psychology Reader

Evidence for Proposed PTSD and Complex PTSD Profiles

Marylène Cloitre, Donn W. Garvert, Chris R. Brewin, Richard A. Bryant, and Andreas Maercker · 2013 · European Journal of Psychotraumatology

Role
Methodological contribution
Difficulty
Challenging
Type
Journal article

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Reading focus

Syllabus: Why Do Responses to Trauma Follow Different Paths?

Compare the profiles’ shapes with their levels of symptoms and impairment.

Why you’re reading it. Ask what a classification adds to the account of different courses, while keeping a cross-sectional pattern separate from a developmental path.

A question to consider. What evidence would you need before predicting a person’s future course from membership in one of these profiles?

Why this reading

A diagnostic proposal needs evidence about how experiences cluster. Cloitre and colleagues examine whether disturbances in emotion, self-concept, and relationships form a profile distinguishable from the narrower PTSD symptoms they measured.

Before you read

Latent profile analysis estimates groups from patterns of scores. A profile’s shape differs from its overall severity. Disturbances in self-organization refer here to difficulties involving emotion regulation, self-concept, and relationships.

Read for

  1. Compare the proposed diagnostic concepts with the archival items used to represent them.
  2. Ask whether the profiles differ in shape, severity, impairment, or exposure history, and which differences would support a distinct clinical construct.

Consider afterwards

  1. What finding would challenge the claim that the higher-scoring profile represents a distinct pattern rather than a generally more severe presentation?

Editorial context

The primary analysis included 302 treatment-seeking adults, mostly women, and used proxy measures of then-proposed criteria. These were not the later International Trauma Questionnaire. Cross-sectional profiles do not establish causes or developmental courses. ICD-11 subsequently included complex PTSD. A later review using the ITQ found supporting patterns while noting self-report and model-comparison limits; statistical grouping alone does not validate a diagnosis.